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Green computing
Green computing, Green ICT as per IFG International Federation of Green ICT and IFG Standard, green IT, or ICT sustainability, is the study and practice of environmentally sustainable computing or IT. San Murugesan notes that this can include "designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems—such as monitors, printers, storage devices, and networking and communications systems — efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment."〔San Murugesan, “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and Practices,” IEEE ''IT Professional'', January–February 2008, pp 24-33.〕
The goals of green computing are similar to green chemistry: reduce the use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency during the product's lifetime, and promote the recyclability or biodegradability of defunct products and factory waste. Green computing is important for all classes of systems, ranging from handheld systems〔S. Mittal, "(A survey of techniques for improving energy efficiency in embedded computing systems )", IJCAET, 6(4), 440–459, 2014.〕 to large-scale data centers.〔
Many corporate IT departments have green computing initiatives to reduce the environmental impact of their IT operations.〔E. Curry, B. Guyon, C. Sheridan, and B. Donnellan, (“Developing a Sustainable IT Capability: Lessons From Intel’s Journey,” ) ''MIS Quarterly Executive'', vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 61–74, 2012.〕
==Origins==
In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that is designed to promote and recognize energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control equipment, and other technologies. This resulted in the widespread adoption of sleep mode among consumer electronics. Concurrently, the Swedish organization TCO Development launched the TCO Certification program to promote low magnetic and electrical emissions from CRT-based computer displays; this program was later expanded to include criteria on energy consumption, ergonomics, and the use of hazardous materials in construction.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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